Beyond that, the pay gap occurs for many reasons, including partly because of the choices families with children make, such as who stops or cuts down work after children. Sometimes those choices are driven by earning potential, but quite often we are influenced by something less concrete, though whether it’s more down to nature that mothers are often the more involved parent, or whether it’s copying patterns our parents demonstrated is impossible to quantify. Making laws was the easier part of the equation. Sorting out why the problem persists, despite the laws, is very complex
Yes indeed.
I'm coming to think that it's because the workplace (and most of society really) is organised around male bodies and the male life pattern. Men don't get pregnant, and their prime working years don't coincide with their prime reproductive years.
In the 1970s, in order to get rid of things like unequal pay due to sex, and other kinds of advantages given to men because they were men, we feminists had to pretend - in some circumstances - that women were just the same as men.
It all got sort-of squashed up. What we needed to say was that even though women had babies & cared for them, this did not mean that they were not also just as capable as men in every way. But we were arguing against millennia of beliefs that because women had children, our brains & bodies were no good for anything else.
Public policy & politics & broad public opinion is not particularly nuanced. We needed to stamp out that old idea of:
women = childbearing = lesser intelligence, capability, irrational etc etc etc
We had to pretend that men & women were not different.
'Difference feminism" since the 1970s has helped us to start to make the more complex argument that yes, men & women have different bodies & capacities of their bodies. And that these do lead to some differences in our characters/behaviours. But these differences are NOT incapacity in women.
I think the next big battle for women and varieties of feminism is that we get a recognition that the workplace & social organisations should not be organised around the male as the default human. And that being a woman or girl should not be regarded as lesser, a weakness, or shameful, or anything else like that.
But the "equal but different" argument is a much more difficult one to make. I know why the pioneering feminists of the past on the whole tended to shy away from it. It wouldn't have got us the vote or equal ay.
But I think the concept that human = male is still a dominant one. That's the really big battle coming up.
(And it's one of the reasons why the trans issue is such a hot button, I think)
Also - we should really be talking about feminisms - the plural. There's no single monolithic feminist line. There's no set of principles you have to sign up to 