As I was saying, before I rudely interrupted myself by pressing "send" prematurely.
Would your partner be so short tempered if it was your sight you were losing? If not, why is losing your hearing so much more aggravating for him?
Secondly, I would very strongly advise you to persevere with your hearing aids. When I first got mine i was told that my brain had to relearn what noises it could ignore (clocks ticking, fridge turning on and off, my clothes rustling as I walked). I reckon it took me a good three or four months before I could comfortably wear my aids all day. There were times i had to walk out of my office in order to save my sanity, the noise (general office noise, nothing particularly excessive) was just so very over whelming.
I have moderate to severe hearing loss. A couple of months ago, I decided to try non NHS hearing aids (they had a two for the price of one offer). Wow,just wow 😊😊. Not only are they less noticable, they perform just so much better in that they have functions my NHS ones didn't have.
For example, I can control them from my phone. I can turn them up, down. Change them from inside to outside hearing, especially helpful when it's windy. If I need to speak to someone on my mobile phone, their voice goes directly into my aids, not through the speaker. I can listen to music on my phone with no earphones, again the sound goes directly to my aids.
Crucially, for me, I can turn the radio/television up so I can hear it, but I can also turn external noise up. This means i can hear the door bell or the telephone ringing. It makes me feel much more secure.
You are quite right that hearing aids do not (and can not) cure hearing loss. They can help you a little, but they cannot totally cure your hearing loss.
In short, your partner is being a bastard for the way he is acting but you ( for your own sake, not his) should persevere with your aids