Albadross - I looked up the study on which that CDC infographic is based, and this is how partner violence is defined: My comments are in italics.
Physical violence is the intentional use of physical force with the potential for causing death, disability, injury, or harm. Physical violence includes, but is not limited to, scratching; pushing ; shoving ; throwing; grabbing; biting; choking; shaking; aggressive hair pulling; slapping; punching; hitting; burning; use of a weapon; and use of restraints or one’s body, size, or strength against another person.
Basically, men who beat their partners into a pulp are committing physical violence. So are women who push a partner during an argument, saying "Get away from me!", for example. I imagine that this wide definition for 'physical violence' may be one reason why there seem to be so many women committing it against their partners.
Sexual violence is divided into five categories. Any of these acts constitute sexual violence, whether attempted or completed. Additionally all of these acts occur without the victim’s freely given consent, including cases in which the victim is unable to consent due to being too intoxicated (e.g., incapacitation, lack of consciousness, or lack of awareness) through their voluntary or involuntary use of alcohol or drugs.
Meaning that a man who violently rapes his DP is committing sexual violence, but so is a woman who has sex with her DP when he is drunk, even if he got drunk of his own volition
Stalking is a pattern of repeated, unwanted, attention and contact that causes fear or concern for one’s own safety or the safety of someone else (e.g., family member or friend). Some examples include repeated, unwanted phone calls, emails, or texts; leaving cards, letters, flowers, or other items when the victim does not want them...
Again, it seems women are guilty of Intimate Partner Violence when they call, text, or email their ex
and this seems to be counted as bad as throwing acid in their ex's face, beating them up, or killing them. Which is stuff men do, not women.
Psychological Aggression is the use of verbal and non-verbal communication with the intent to harm another person mentally or emotionally, and/or to exert control over another person. Psychological aggression can include expressive aggression (e.g., name-calling, humiliating ); coercive control (e.g., limiting access to transportation, money, friends, and family; excessive monitoring of whereabouts); threats of physical or sexual violence; control of reproductive or sexual health (e.g., refusal to use birth control ; coerced pregnancy termination); exploitation of victim’s vulnerability (e.g., immigration status, disability); exploitation of perpetrator’s vulnerability; and presenting false information to the victim with the intent of making them doubt their own memory or perception (e.g., mind games).
So psychological aggression includes name calling, "humiliating" your partner in front of his friends, and refusing to take the pill. Another clue as to why women look like quite the violent aggressors in this research.