I think that actually, counter to the OPs suggestion, boarding school can offer an alternative to neglect. I boarded from the age of seven; my mother had just given birth again and had very bad PND, life at home was topsy turvy with my father being away for long periods and lots of children and dogs and we kept moving house - boarding school was stability. And I knew where the next meal was coming from. (That is not to say that I was neglected at home, incidentally - far from it. Rather, school offered a sense of permanence that home life was lacking.)
And boarding school has several significant merits. Namely:
1.) The school becomes responsible for disciplining the child, rather than the parent. My parents never had to ask me if I'd done my homework, for instance, or give me a curfew, as every day at home was holidays and never a school night. I have a very good relationship with them now.
2.) One learns independence from an early age.
3.) One learns to take care of one's belongings oneself - if you leave stuff lying around, it'll vanish, and there's no mother to pick your clothes up for you.
4.) One learns to get on with ANYBODY, and to share ones space with them - which is a vital skill for the workplace in later life.
5.) Everybody is equal at school. The 'rich kids' don't necessarily stand out (except when their fathers pick them up by helicopter) but the majority of the time, this is so unimportant as to not even be mentioned.
6.) Boredom at the weekends forces one to do other things, for instance drama or music or art or whatever else is on offer.
There are many more advantages - I can not tell you just how good the friends are that I made at boarding school - wherever we are in the world we're still the best and closest of friends - and nearly all of us are putting our children's names down for the same school that we went to (though that was the later school - 13 rather than 7 . . . )