“From the River to the Sea, Palestine will be free” was originally written to mean freedom from oppression, occupation and equal rights for Palestinians. It doesn’t dictate whether this is under a nation called Israel or Palestine.
However, armed terrorist groups have co-opted this chant to mean replacing Israel with Palestine insofar as a nation state. So an overthrow of the government. There’s different interpretations as to whether overthrow would have would not include genocide of we Jews, but in any revolution, the ruling class is right to fear retribution.
I don’t fear the chant myself as a Jewish woman coming from a peace protest in London. Similar to how when watching a Gaza vigil that the Muslim community held, I heard the Iman speak and saying “Allah Akbar” many times and the congregation saying “Allah Akbar” as well. I didnt get all fearful of that even though ‘Allah Akbar” was co-opted by terrorists into a war cry they ask almost always do while attacking and killing civilians.
As with any chant, who is saying it, when, where and in what context matters.
In a protest calling for a cease-fire, for peace, the chant is received by me as having its original meaning. Not just because it’s not masked terrorists shouting it with AK-47s from the back of pick up trucks, but because it is said on a rota with cease fire now, and stop genocide, etc.