I said I would finish.
There are only, and exactly two, gametes (sperm and egg), therefore only, and exactly two, sexes. Small gamete producers are known as males, large gamete producers as female.
To add to what I said previously - there are two gametes (sperm and egg) - as far as we know- yes . But it does not logically follow “there are only , exactly , two sexes”. “Sex” is a property of a person (or animal). People are not gametes and gametes are not people.
Recognition of sex is instinctive in animals, including in humans. It is very rarely necessary to see genitals or test chromosomes in order to recognise the sex of adults.
The first part of this statement is vague and needs clarification- what do you mean exactly.
The second part of the statement is true. It is also true that we have invented all kinds of social and cultural signifiers of sex- how we dress/ hairstyle etc- that are overwhelmingly adhered to and socially dominant. Why do you think this is? Why did we invent these- across so many cultures and points of history. Why are they so important , and why do people adhere to them so strictly?
The argument I had with my 5 yr old the other day went- her: “girls are pretty”; me: “boys can be pretty too”; her: “but only girls wear dresses”; me: “but boys can wear dresses too”; her: “but that would be weird”.
Your penis does not decide your sex - you develop a penis because you are male and sexual development in the womb has proceeded normally.
Your chromosomes do not determine your sex. XY and XX karyotypes have become shorthand for male and female in the same way as penises and vaginas have. But that is evidence of sex, not sex itself. Sex in humans (ie which gametes you are designed to produce) is determined by the SRY gene, which is almost always located on the Y chromosome. It is the determiner of whether the fertilised egg will develop along the male or the female pathway. Hence the XY and XX shorthand.
this is all very ideological and confused, but also contains some facts. It’s hard to unpack- but better to start again. Sex development starts with karyotype . Until recently it was the view that the “default” developmental pathway was female, and the determiner of whether you develop as male was the presence or not of the SRY gene. That has now been challenged as too simplistic. One can easily see how it’s infused with cultural meaning and gender stereotypes right? Male development determined by an active presence - female development- the passive absence.
Either way karyotype conveys information about sexual development and instructs the body regarding the production of certain hormones. These hormones then stimulate the development of various sexual characteristics- there is a dominant , expected development pathway, however , there are also variations in the ways that bodies produce and respond to these hormones. These variations shape the architecture of our internal and external sexual and reproductive organs.
For the most part the development pathway is predictable. For example- people with xy chromosomes will produce androgens , which stimulate the development of testes , which produce sperm cells and a penis.
Since much of this development is inside the body, What we usually can observe is simply the external genitals - at birth- and this is the basis on which sex is “observed” (/“assigned” and recorded.) we assume the typical developmental pathway- but this is not always the case.
DETERMINATION OF SEX AND SEXUAL DEVELO
Your genitals are excellent evidenceof your sex because they correlate to the gametes your body is supposed to produce. A penis is the delivery system for sperm, for example. But it is not the case that your genitals (or your chromosomes, for that matter) are your sex, or decide what sex you are.
I agree with all of this except the word “supposed.” What is “supposed”? Gods design? Means nothing,
Sexual development in utero is a complex and finely tuned process and very occasionally goes wrong - sometimes very awry. In a subset of those cases, genitals can be ambiguous at birth and so it is not possible to deduce the baby's sex from them. That is when other tests are used to determine the sex of the baby.
complex , yes. What do you mean by “wrong”? Again a value judgement - “gods design” - that not how evolution works. Evolution is random. Things are not “right” or “wrong” , they simply “are”. There is a norm, and variations of that norm; how common the variations are are a matter of scientific debate (no consensus on this) and a function of existing technologies.
I’m getting tired. I’ll continue later if I can
x