Emma Barnett
Jo Swinson
[12:50]
EB: A striking policy of yours, away from Brexit, is the reform that you want to make to the Gender Recognition Act which will allow anyone, without any doctor involvements - something we've discussed here at length on Woman's Hour - to change their gender on all official documents. Gender self-identification, as it's referred to, would mean a blanket law which could mean any predatory man could self-identify as a woman to gain access to women, in what have been traditionally women only spaces, especially vulnerable women, for instance women's shelters. Do you understand why some women are very concerned about this?
JS: Well, I think everybody wants to have confidence, of course, that if somebody's the victim of domestic violence, domestic abuse, that there are safe spaces for them whether - you know, whoever their partner was and whoever they are as an individual. And so it's right that all of those spaces can properly assess the risks, and in exactly the same way that you wouldn't allow into a women's refuge the same sex partner of a woman who had been being abused, you also wouldn't let somebody who was a - who was a risk of abusing whoever ...
EB: You might not ...
JS: ... they were.
EB: ... you might not know they were an abuser and they might, as I've just described it, try and ...
JS: Look ...
EB: ... abuse this law.
JS: Look. [sigh] We have a real problem here that there are many vulnerable people in our society, many vulnerable trans women ...
EB: How many?
JS: ... and trans men ...
EB: How many?
JS: ... in our society.
EB: Do you know?
JS: Well, the - well, we know that the rates of mental health problems, of people attempting suicide, is much higher in the trans community.
EB: I just wonder ...
JS: You know [inaudible] ...
EB: ... when you were writing your manifesto, did you figure this out? Did you get some data on how large this group is?
JS: Well, I - I mean, I ca - you know, we could go and - we could go and look it up in the census, this is obviously a small part of the population, but I mean, I do challenge ...
EB: Is it hundreds?
JS: ... I do ...
EB: Is it thousands? Is it millions?
JS: I - it's clearly not millions. I imagine that, you know, the trans population in the country is clearly in the thousands. But I definitely challenge the suggestion that if it's a small number of people who are ... feeling driven in some cases to suicide, that this is not an issue we should be addressing. Everybody is ...
EB: But what about ...
JS: ... everybody matters.
EB: ... what about their vulnerability versus someone who's in a shelter and doesn't want that space to be open in any way to someone who could abuse this reform to this act ...
JS: Look ...
EB: ... in the way I described?
JS: There's not a hierarchy of equalities. Everybody's rights as an individual matter and ...
EB: But by reforming this you may create a hierarchy.
JS: No I - no, I - I entirely disagree ...
EB: Well I know that, it's your policy.
JS: Yeah, sure, so we need to make sure everybody is protected, and at the moment there is a group of people who are facing huge discrimination, huge bias, and as I say, that has very, very real consequences, in terms of violence, in terms of self harm and potential suicide.
EB: But I'm talking about - I'm not talking about those people. I actually asked you a question which was about those women in women's shelters ...
JS: And - and that ...
EB: ... and you have completely ignored those people ...
JS: No! I have not! I started ...
EB: ... and gone towards ...
JS: No!
EB: ... the people who you're now going to say ...
JS: Emma, the ...
EB: ... will be able to come in, who may be able to abuse them.
JS: No - no, the first thing I said was that every shelter needs to be able to keep people safe, and to do so on the basis of risk, and frankly - you know, that - whether somebody is cis or whether they are trans, that risk assessment needs to be done and I reject the suggestion that trans women are more likely to do that. But what you're saying is ...
EB: That was not my suggestion, to be clear.
JS: Well you're - you're - OK ...
EB: I was saying that there could be an abuse, ironically not ...
JS: So ...
EB: ... by the group that you're seeking to protect - by people who are going to try and use this reform in a dangerous way.
JS: So ...
EB: So by opening the door with that reform it will be on your head.
JS: No, so the answer is to have proper risk assessments and structures in place to prevent abuse. I - you know - and that's clearly the ...
EB: So the 2010 ...
JS: ... that's clearly the answer.
EB: ... the 2010 Equality Act sets out sex as a protected characteristic. How will you guarantee women's sex based protections when you've reformed the Gender Recognition Act?
JS: Look, I think that - you know, trans - trans women are women. And women, whether they are cis or whether they are trans, whether they are gay, whether they are straight, whether they are bi, whether they are black, whether they are white, whether they are asian, whatever their mix of characteristics are, you know - you know, nobody is just one thing on its own, and equality law does not work if it either tries to elevate - you know, one protected characteristic above others, or doesn't recognise that people have these multiple characteristics. Because we all do, and we all face different ...
EB: But the law ...
JS: ... prejudice and discrimination on that basis.
EB: ... the law does have to be precise, which is why lawyers have rowed about this. They are in dispute over this exact question and you haven't given any clarity in your answer.
JS: I - I mean - I do - I do, I recognise that there is controversy about this. I think there is - much of the media reporting, I'm not saying this is of yourself right now, but certainly in much of the print media, much of this reporting is sensationalised, you know, the discussions around you know, going to toilets and such like. I mean, I don't know the last time that somebody asked you for your birth certificate when you went to the loo, because you know, that just does not happen. So I think there is an element of this debate which has ...
EB: ... which has been sensationalised ...
JS: Exactly.
EB: ... but I'm not sensationalising it and Woman's Hour doesn't do that. I know you're not saying that, but the 2010 Equality Act sets out sex as a protected characteristic. I ask you again, Jo Swinson, how will you guarantee women's sex based protections if you reform this act?
JS: I don't believe that there is a problem in making sure that we can protect the rights of trans men and trans women, and also protect the rights of cis women, and make sure that we can give those spaces which are safe for women, whether that's refuges, whether that's other spaces, that we can make sure that that works. It's not beyond possibility to do that.
EB: What kind of feminist are you, Jo Swinson?
JS: An enthusiastic one.
[on to the stuff about Lord Rennard]
[19:14]