Grr. Another fighting ti displace girls.
Yes there are differences by sex. I read about the issue with quad jumps (4 spins) which are now basically required at top male level in order to win, but which is more difficult for female skaters than male, due to hip width, and power to weight ratio, also weight to impact ratio.
Which seems to be why the first female to have done a successful quad in competition is Miki Ando in 2002 and the only since then Alexandra Trusova. Both were really young and Trusova in particular is very thin and not at all rounded in physique. She looks about 12. Older skaters (even aged just 20!!) are generally not able to land the jumps due to female physique.
Article here (apologies for the misogynist coach in the middle). He manages to disparage women because of our biology, but at least he recognise we are different to men. nationalpost.com/pmn/news-pmn/as-men-go-quad-crazy-womens-figure-skating-bumps-ceiling
qz.com/1208802/olympics-2018-figure-skating-is-all-about-the-quadruple-jump-despite-its-dangers/ prior to Trusova landing a jump
The injury rate is also very high with these jumps and this affects women more due to hormone cycles which affect ligaments etc (research is avail)
If quads become deciding factors in women's competition, then not only does this favour younger girls pressured into learning quad jumps due to their thin physique, but it will clearly advantage any boys competing as girls, and they will probably also be able to have a longer career as they will be able to land these jumps long after the girls have grown into women and developed hips and normal levels of adult female body fat etc.
Additonally, with weight being such an issue for girls and pressure to make quad jumps especially we ave to consider what is known as the female triad now known as Relative energy deficiency in sport (RED-S) which is the trio of factors affecting female athletes who over exercise. It is a combination of three conditions that are connected with over-exercising in athletic training: Amenorrhea (abnormal absence of menstruation) Osteoporosis (disease in which bones become fragile and more likely to fracture) Disordered eating. www.acog.org/Clinical-Guidance-and-Publications/Committee-Opinions/Committee-on-Adolescent-Health-Care/Female-Athlete-Triad?IsMobileSet=false
bjsm.bmj.com/content/48/4/289
orthoinfo.aaos.org/en/diseases--conditions/female-athlete-triad-problems-caused-by-extreme-exercise-and-dieting/
ALL these three sources recognise the risk to female athletes.
Apolos for rushing. Grabbed this info from another post I had drafted.