I don't make a distinction between professional/SAHM at all in fact, because I think women changing their name to their husband's on marriage, whoever they are, does impact all other women, and all men, and all children, who hear about it or come into contact with her. It does that by reinforcing the message that women are less valuable than men and are expected to behave in self-obliterating ways that men aren't. Anything, anywhere, that sends out that message is damaging to equality and to women, because it helps that message sink into everyone's subconscious. That's why IMO a feminist shouldn't do it.
You can take massive offence at that if you wish and claim that you are a strong woman, feminist, wear the trousers in your marriage, made a free choice whatever whatever. But the bald facts are that if you let your name be erased while his takes over, the message that sends is "wee wifey's name is dispensable, she matters less; his name is their name, the family name, and he matters more." It's not a personal attack, and as I said I don't tell friends what to do, I respect that they have a choice. But I am allowed to observe that when women do that, they perpetuate and disseminate an acceptance of inequality.
The proof of that is that if you asked men to do it, 99% of them would say no. Why is that? There's absolutely no physical or practical reason why men shouldn't change their names just as much. They'd say no because they are deeply socialised to value their name, identity and self, while in many cases thinking that for a woman, that's less important.
You don't have to consciously think this for it to be the case. The fact that you've deeply internalised that as a woman you're less important than a man, and that the man you marry has internalised that too, is there anyway. I don't exclude myself from that either. I think anyone growing up in this society internalises it to a greater or lesser degree. But feminists aim to resist it.
It's also true that in many professions, mine included, you will benefit from keeping the same name through your career, and lose out by changing it. All the more reason not to do it, but not for me the central reason.
I'm disappointed in Amal doing it because she is visible and well-known, so she's sending that message out in spades. I feel the same when a pop-star or reality star does it, it's not just about her being professionally brilliant, but also about the power of the example she sets.