"So because they can't convert people to their way of thinking they want to kill them all instead. But they must know that's never going to happen because they're not powerful enough, so what are they actually trying to achieve with terrorist attacks? Do they think that slowly but surely they can kill everyone with this method? Or does it have some other aim, like to terrify us into submission? But they must know that this doesn't work- the more we try and terrify them the more they, understandably, stand up against us."
I honestly don't know - I think they see the acts of terrorism as punishment for our decadent ways and they see us as a threat to their plans for domintaion - even if those plans have little likelihood of succeeding. You're right that the more the act against us, the more we are likely to stand up to them - as they do to us. I'm not sure there is an easy answer.
"Why don't we know? Is it covered up? Or do they not say what they want? If we don't know what they want then how do we know it is definitely unreasonable? If it is so unreasonable then why is it not presented conclusively to us? Or is it, and do I just not understand?"
I think it's a mix of things. Firstly, their aims are wholly unreasonable. When a terrorist is on a video saying that we will pay for what we have done and that as infidels we must die until Allah is supreme etc etc etc, it's hard to find a coherent policy in that statement! Equally, there are other factors at play - other governments involved indirectly with these terrorist groups so there are considerations that those in government might be privy to that we simply don't know about. I'm not sure I understand the terrorist reasoning either - the idea that eveyone should live the way I do, simply because I say it should be so seems incredibly irrational to me.
"This might be a simplistic way of looking at it, but lets say we granted asylum to all the oppressed women that wanted it. Their own country wouldn't last very long with no women in it and nobody to oppress, so surely that would be a more effective way of changing things than using military power which alienates the people we are supposed to be helping? So although they are separate, would the use of asylum not in some way negate the need for military action in this case?"
I think that is a bit simplistic, yes, even if it seems sensible to you and I. I suppose it wouldn't work because not every woman would claim asylum, because we, as a country, simply can't afford that level of financial committment to help people settle in here and become valued citizens. Granting a sylum is a good thing but is it useful to woman who can't leave her home without her husband's permission, far less leave the country? It's a good idea, but a reductive one.
"If we can go in with bombs and guns, why can't we go in with money and education (or whatever tools they need) to help the oppressed people stand up for themselves? Is that very simplistic?"
That isn't a simplistic argument at all and it's one that goes hand in hand with the missions in Iraq and Afghanistan. Alongside the actual battles, there are soldiers who are building schools and hospitals, providing medical care, protecting power supplies and generally trying to make the day to day life of civilians better. They're training the Afghan army, so that, ultimately, the Afghan people will be responsible for policing their own country. Working alongside them are a number of aid agencies, charities and governments. So far, so good.
Unfortunately, the Taliban in Afghanistan bow up the schools and disrupt and attack the aid convoys and have tried to blow up dams and power stations - they don't want the ordinary people to be grateful to troops from other countries. Basically, for the money and education to work, we need the guns and bombs alongside them. Sometimes it is possible to give aid to a country without it being tied up to military power, but it's not always possible and it isn't posssible in the case of Afghanistan.
As for your point about inevitability - I don't know. I think we have to accept that the existence and maintainance of a standing Army, Navy and Air Force is an inevitable part of our country's foreign, defence and internal policy. However, I don't think that the use of those Forces is always inevitable - we as a country have a choice in whom we vote for and what their foreign policy aims are. I think it's disgraceful that the government can go to war (as it did in Iraq) without a vote in Parliament and I think that ought to change. I think that war as an abstract concept is an inevitable part of our lives but I think that some wars are avoidable and some are not.
I must apologise to the OP for the turn this thread has taken - far from your original question, I'm sure!
I don't think that it is unreasonable to be worried about the possibility of your child joining up, but I think that a presentation from the Armed Forces in a school is still a valuable thing. After all, look how far this debate has ranged and wouldn't it be wonderful if all our children were exposed to such debate?
I am supportive of the Forces as a career and I make no apolgy for that - it has been an excellent career for my husband and has provided a great life for us. I am very supportive of that Armed Forces role in public life.
However, I would never stifle debate or take refuge behind blind patriotism - democracy is all about the informed and responsible use of power by both the elected and the voter and debate is an important part of that process.