You'll get different views about the CfE as it's still bedding in. It's on the 3rd year of National 5s, 2nd year of Highers (and presumably, 1st year of Advanced Highers).
Ds is sitting his National 5s this year. CfE was introduced formally while he was at primary school - but at his primary school nothing actually changed as they already taught by its principles.
What did change was that what testing they did do stopped (which had been along the lines of "by end of Pxxx, yyyy% of children are expected to have reached Level Z, aaaa% of children will have reached Level b"; teachers only put the children forward for the tests once they thought they were ready) . I think they were supposed to start to report whether children were "learning, consolidating, ?confident?" (A Venn diagram of three overlapping circles) but I think Glasgow refused to participate in that - so ds' school reports for the last few years of primary school had these useless Venn diagrams on the front with no indication of where he was in them.
Not sure what the new tests will consist of: if they are done in the same way that the previous tests were, ie children only put forward when ready and reporting done on the percentages that achieve it by a certain age, I don't have an issue.
The implementation of CfE has also led to discrepancies around how many National 5s pupils will sit. In some areas they can only sit 5 or 6, as they only narrow down for S4 (or after 3 years of the "Broad General Education") whereas others manage to do 8, as they make their choices at the end of S2 so have enough time to get through the Nat 5 curriculum.
For the academic kids, the number of Highers has remained the same at 5. Schools encourage pupils to to sit them at a single sitting in S5 as the universities want to see what you can do in a single diet (for the more academic subjects). It is of course possible to do them (or re-sit or do more) over 2 years.
Kids can choose to go to Uni after S5 or (more commonly) stay on to do S6 and do more Highers and/or 1,2 or 3 Advanced Highers. Some schools will also give the option of A Levels.