'No one actually likes Assad.'
True most are against him.
Yes, I agree that Russia thinks he is the best of a bad option.
'The UK, France, US etc are a bit more committed to democracy etc than Russia'
I think that is debateable. Putin and Assad himself want elections with the moderate opposition being included in the elections. Assad won the election a few years ago, including in the refugee camps. Assad thinks he will win the election, but if he loses he has said he will step down because his position is that it is up to the Syrian people to decide who leads them in elections rather than the West saying that Assad must go.
'They thought the Arab spring was a wonderful idea, full of hope and the dawn'
That is debateable. Google "colour revolutions", facebook, socail media revolutions etc to see different views such as destabilisation techniques etc.
'Putin thought Assad wasn't great but at least he would keep a lid on any extremist movement that would adversely effect other countries,'
Yes, I agree.
'Now, Russia and the other countries are moving towards a consensus of agreement that Russia was right about Assad. The emerging theory is that its best to join with Assad to quell extremism, and then have an exit plan for Assad. The question is only whether to agree the exit plan up front or not and what to put in its place.'
Some countries are trying to move towards Russia e.g. France, but it is not certain there will be unity on this. Incidents may put a spanner in the woks and end cooperation.
Yes, I think you are right that Turkey is not happy with the way things are going.