There have always been some, allocated to a deanery, but without a job and essentially not knowing where you might be working until the very last minute. In the past it was more predictable. Low points meant fewer choices.
Now allocation is random. Yes you can show preferences, but having strong scores from medical school won’t give you priority over others. As importantly points won’t give you preference over rotations. DD had a fair number of points but opted for an unpopular deanery which meant she got her first choice of rotations, in busy and demanding roles. Under the old system apparently those who ended up in the deanery because they scored poorly tended to get the less popular rotations in quieter rural locations. It will be interesting to see what happens.
From observation, some of the students who did less well were from poorer backgrounds, often ethnic minorities. It was not necessarily about having to work, other things including adapting to effectively a white, middle class, predominantly Christian culture was sometimes as issue. The new system is designed to level the playing field. What it has meant is that some articulate high flyers are losing out, so making a lot of noise.
F1/2 is only the start of the problem. There is a very desperate shortage of specialist training places. I think space for only one in four. The media talk about young doctors moving to Australia for the money. Often instead it is because of the lack of an accessible training/career path in the UK.