Stormer, I don't disagree. However part of the reason for this board is to share experience.
Standard advice at DC's private school was to aim high, if necessary taking two years. It appears that some state schools, including the one goodbyestranger's DC attended took a similar approach. As a result I would expect that the high achieving DC from these schools did disproportionately well.
It is interesting that the two educators on this thread, Percy, who is/was a state school governor, and Mumsneedwine, advocate a less ambitious approach, in part because of a fear that DC cannot afford it.
I don't know. First I am not convinced that all state pupils in Hampshire are as poor as claimed. (In my London experience parents not paying fees can have a lot more disposable income than their fee paying peers.) But also if parents don't know, and many may not, that their DC are very very bright and really ought to be aiming for the most intellectually challenging courses, it should be for educators to encourage them, rather than to put up barriers and make excuses.
DH's parents wanted him to leave school at 16 because he was offered a 'good' job in a local bank. It was not that they could not have afforded for him to stay on, but this was their idea of respectability and they were unaware of the wider opportunities that higher education could bring. It was one teacher who instead pushed for him to apply to Oxford, from a school who in those days sent relatively few to University and only very occasionally someone to Oxbridge. The EE offer was life changing.
Parents may not understand, but educators should. And their job should be to encourage.
That said there is also a need to be realistic. Competitive courses have been rejecting pupils with A* predictions for a while. Seven years ago DS got three rejections in economics, with the same happening in law, medicine, engineering and more. Plenty ended up reapplying, and went on to thrive at Oxbridge, top London Universities, Durham etc. When people graduate it is the education you received, and the class of degree you got that matter. No one care about the gap year, indeed a year of regular employment, whether stacking shelves, on a building site, in a care home or cafe, will probably be seen as a positive.
This year has been particularly brutal, and so so tough for the DC involved. There is a need to be realistic, but without giving up on ambition.