Good grief! Sorry to stir this up again, but oh my goodness...
I am compelled to comment and to say that research suggests that for example conduct disorder, has a genetic and environmental aetiology or underlying cause. I can well understand why some of you are jumping up and down here, because the amount of mis-information from apparent professionals is astounding!
There are areas of the brain, which in conduct disordered children and those with hyperactivity are not firing properly, or are underdeveloped. One of these areas is the amygdala and no definite reason is known as to why this is the case. It is different in adolescent onset Conduct disorder and life time persistent (which can be diagnosed from age three) the area in conduct disorder that deals with emotion and empathy is known as Brodmanns area, and can have lesions on it which impair function.
Many professionals in the field of diagnosing the many complex conditions that children can have, don't have a clue as to what they are doing. I find this disheartening, frustrating and worrying. It isn't about the diagnosis, it's about the support that a diagnosis can bring. I have a son who is over the worst of conduct disorder and didn't need rediagnosed at eighteen as having anti social personality disorder. I now foster a child who is undergoing assessments currently. It is not bad behaviour, it is not induced by bad parents (this is a factor in some cases) and it does not get 'cured'. The only medication which would be prescribed as a worse case scenario that I know of is lithium, to control violence. Ritalin for ADHD is now somewhat outdated as there are more recent medications.
I'm still astounded at some of the posts I've just read, but well done to those of you who don't take that crap lying down.