TikTok, I usually agree with you, but this once I disagree. Or at least I'd like to discuss what you say more. What 'observational studies from all cultures' show babies waking several times per night in order to feed?
At what age? (Because there are different developmental needs at newborn stage, at 3 months, at 9 months, at a year, beyond a year etc). We all know that of course.
Also: how often do these babies 'in all cultures' wake? I really really doubt that in cultures with big families mothers wake again & again & again in the night to feed 1 year olds.
Surely we can all agree that there is such a thing as habit in babies (again, I STRESS, after a certain age). I never ever understand in these threads what's the problem for people to accept that babies, like all of us, develop various habits. It's up to the parents to decide (and each choice is highly personal & depends on all sorts of circumstances) how they deal with these habits. There's nothing 'natural' about a toddler, say at 14 months old, waking 2-3-4 times a night crying out for his/her bottle. Or maybe, yes, it's natural, given that habits are natural. That doesn't mean all habits are helpful.
Last point: not all methods of sleep training are 'cry it out'. Again, I despair when people don't see this & assume babies are left to 'cry desperately in the night'. It is not cruel to make a rational decision to do something about a habit which has become problematic for the family as a whole. In some cases it's the only rational choice, otherwise the parents can't cope e.g. with work, with their daily chores etc. Not all ways to do this involves loads of crying!!!