Personally I think the answer to the conundrum is for it to become totally normal for both parents (to the extent that there are two involved in the baby's life) to work part time and share care of the baby.
Me and DH are lucky enough to be able to do this and it is a win-win. We both keep our hand in at work, both have lots of time with DD, both go to work happy that she is at home with the other one, both know what it is like both to have the stresses of work AND what it is like to have a demanding baby all day.
I wouldn't criticize anyone's childcare choices individually - we all do the best we can with the resources available and in the context in which we find ourselves - no mother actively wants less than the best for their baby, after all!
That said I think its unfortunate that the feminist agenda around liberalising women from the endless drudgery of childbirth and domestic chores has somehow got harnessed up to the capitalist agenda whereby we all have to work all hours just in order to be able to fund the mortgage.
I think that is one of the difficulties I have with nurseries, aside from the question of how good an experience they are for children. I feel women are encouraged to go back to work; on the surface, it looks like "choice" and "female emancipation", whereas the reality is most of us are forced to go back to work longer hours than we would like in order to fund the mortgage, high house prices being a product of the capitalist boom and two-income families). In doing so, we compromise on what happens to our babies, and our babies are of fundamental importance to us as women - we grew them, for goodness sake!
I am willing to bet that if by some magic the state made it financially possible, many more women would choose not go back to work till the kids were all at school, and if the state made a free choice of childcare available to those who did choose to work, I think nurseries would start to disappear as the vast majority of women would choose high quality one to one nanny care in the child's own home.
So I can't help feeling that we are just a shafted as we ever were in the 1950s in terms of getting our needs and priorities met by society - in the 50s we were chained to the hearth and not getting the education/career opportunities we needed. Now we are chained to the office desk and the mortgage, and most of us are not getting the opportunity to do what matters most in life to us - caring for our small children.
I use "we" meaning women generally - I personally feel very lucky that because I get paid better than most and can work from home, DH and I have got a very happy arrangement for DD. However I am well aware of the agonies all my NCT friends and others have gone through when the time came to go back to work. The wealthy ones chose to go back two days a week only and employ a nanny. The poor ones have had to go back full time and leave their baby at a nursery five days a week - I can see that they are trying to make the best of it, but after a year of deep attachment to their babies, it is bloody painful and they are unhappy.