OP, I am in my early 70s - so like your dad, I also grew up in the 50s and 60s.
We lived in a three bedroomed house with no central heating. There was a coal fire in the living room (later replaced with a gas fire) but no heating in any of the other downstairs rooms and no heating upstairs in the bathroom or the bedrooms. If you needed to heat a bedroom to do your homework in or while studying for GCEs, for example, we would put on a one bar electric heater. When you wanted a bath, you had to put on the emersion heater and wait for it to heat up if someone else had just had a bath.
We lived in the Midlands where the winters were much colder than they are in Dorset, where I now live. There was no double glazing in our house and ice on the inside of windows was common during cold winters. We had no car so often waited for buses to go to school or into town in freezing temperatures. I can remember as a young child crying at bus stops because my feet were so cold.
I now live in a house with central heating and I would not be without it.
Yes, gas and electricity are expensive but I would not deny a child or an adult child living in my house the comfort of a warm room, hot drinks and hot water.
I think you father is being very unreasonable.
Also, if you are restricting your calorie intake to 1400 a day is this enough to keep you warm during cold weather?
Please get your iron levels tested.