My dad used to rap my head with his knuckles if he didn't like what I said.
Very clever that. A quick way to shut me up without using words, or without having to listen to my POV. His way, or the knuckles. It fucking hurt, it shut me up and there were no visible bruises.
Once year, he was putting up the Christmas decorations and I snuck into the kitchen to see how they were progressing. He reached down from the chair with the heavy stainless steel scissors and banged my head with them (saved him putting them in other hand to use knuckles).
They broke in half, at the hinge, assymetrically, blades partially on one side, handles and the rest of the blades on the other. I will never forget the look of shock on his face, while he tried to rationalise how that was possible. There was no rational explanation. Maybe he thought it was divine intervention because he stopped hitting us on the head after that. Maybe he was ashamed.
A PP makes a valid point that parents feared we'd become bad'uns and there was an fear of shame from the community if your kids were not well-behaved and deferential, particularly in certain cultures. I actually forgive the wooden spoon: We'd always get some kind of warning, We'd usually have done wrong, the quantity and force of the hits could be tailored to the misdemeanour. Indeed, many people remember their wooden spoon without resentment (and sometimes a bizarre fondness that people sometimes get in mistaken nostalgia for hard times!)
But the violence was excessive, it wasn't a planned sanction: the hits, the slaps, the hairpulls, the bruises, the knuckles. They did this just because they could; they were allowed and it was easier than real parenting. There's no way, in any epoch, that this was OK. It even happened in a time when a man was frowned upon if he did it to his wife, but you could do it to your kids with impunity.