There are no central statistics on how many people are raped or assaulted in toilets or who die in toilets. Particularly which designs of toilets which is what I have been researching for the last few years. I have built up a database through various organisations, foi requests, newspapers etc.
However, the Building Regulations indicate how widespread a problem medical emergencies are because toilet doors should have a mechanism for opening the door outwards from the outside (even if it opens inwards). Even when it’s ‘locked’ from inside. This means public toilets are never secure. The reason for this is so many people collapse and otherwise you can’t reach the body.
The things that contribute to a higher rate of deaths in toilets are: it’s where people go when they are feeling physically or mentally ill which may lead to a medical emergency. It’s where people go to take drugs which may lead to a medical emergency. Also the act of elimination puts extra strain on a body physiologically. For example 11% of cardiac arrests happen on the loo. To put this into perspective there are millions of people with underlying heart conditions - a person has a heart attack every five minutes in this country. Same with strokes. If someone collapses in a toilet cubicle, there chance of timely rescue is better in a single sex loo because of the design.
The problem with a toilet design with no door gaps, means it is a place someone could be attacked or collapse and no one would know. Men have let themselves into cubicles, or pushed unsuspecting women/boys/girls back into cubicles when they are exiting.
This is exacerbated when the design is unisex (called the universal design) because men and women are expected to be in the area around the toilet door. Universal designs should have the sink in there (and are often bigger, so can fit more people in) and are supposed to be ‘resistant to sound’. Also under building regulations it has to have the safety mechanism on the door.
The only design that can have door gaps under building regulations are single sex designs. No mixed sex design has door gaps. If there’s any ambiguity, the single sex designs become private.
Therefore is the safest design for anyone to use is the one for their sex that has door gaps. I believe it prevents assaults too - particularly with children.
In terms of laws - it is illegal to have sex in a public toilet cubicle (sex happens a lot and even consensual sex is illegal). There are also voyeurism laws which were tightened in 2019. Toilets are expected to be places of privacy (even with door gaps) so if there is any concern that someone is getting gratification from looking at people (not just recording etc) then that could be an offence.
OP leave the toilets as they are for the moment. Any new toilets complying with buildings regulations should be using Document T (2024). But I expect toilets are rightly going to be looked at in the next few months.
I would, from a safety point of view, try and avoid unisex toilet design. It is also less hygienic as ventilation is poorer in enclosed designs unless you have good mechanical ventilation. They also contain more microbes on surfaces. This has been scientifically proven.
Apologies it’s really late so I will leave it there. Hope this isn’t too garbled!