OP this can of worms is enormous and so multi-faceted in the modern world that really the old maxims need to be torn up and strategies re-evaluated.
Things have changed / are changing so fast on a global and personal level it's difficult to know where to start. I broadly agree with you by the way.
After WW2 the world said "never again" and actively sought, in most cases to re-build with a sense of optimism. Technological progress started to speed up - ironically a "benefit" of the military industrial complex. While some, inevitably were left behind, there was a collective will to improve things for everyone, and this saw "standards of living" change and broadly improve for most.
This started to destabilise in the 70s / 80s, IMO. The next generations were encouraged to be more individualistic; opportunities were to be pursued more ruthlessly, more aggressivey and with a probably misplaced sense of security due to the state provided safety nets like the NHS and the welfare state - which incidentally was not a purely altruistic innovation - it was partly brought into being to prevent civil uprising and ensure any army potentially needed in the future was healthier and more efficient.
We're now on essentially a downward trajectory as the wheels have fallen off the economic bus. Geopolitics and the stock market drive the ever changing cost of living.
People wave away the huge influence of big changes in "the world of work" such as how even previously "safe" careers such as law and accountancy and medicine are becoming dominated by AI etc, which means working one's way up to a good salary is now going to be more dependent on one's ability to embrace and manage the technology, rather than the skills involved alone. The speed of these changes is creating a psychological minefield, on top of the ever present "grind" to pay for the basics.
The "give a man a fish" analogy can be expanded. PPs have said there will always be water, and education is a fishing rod. However, if you have to pay for access to the water, and the fishing rod comes at a price that goes up on what seems like a daily basis, without being able to eat a fish to fuel yourself, you're on the back foot from the get go And then someone turns round and says "there's an app for that" and fishing on a personal basis becomes essentially obsolete.
On an individual level, grit and determination and hard work are of course admirable traits. However, how many threads have we seen on here where parents have worked hard, sacrificed everything, and the find their children going NC as adults because emotional well-being was neglected in favour of acquisition and aspirations. And achieving a work / life balance becomes more and more difficult.
Most people want a relatively simple life, but our "accelerated progress" and outsourcing of things like childcare etc have gone to an extreme because it's not longer about levelling the playing field, it's about profit above all else.
I am by no means advocating for a return to "trad wife" scenarios, no siree, out sourced child care is an essential tool to put women on a fairer footing. But it's a crazy making situation where a woman's salary is entirely swallowed up for five years paying in order to progress down the line, when down the line that progress might well be compromised due to yet more Technological advances.
Currently the cry is "it's all lack of resilience" and "adapt or be left behind" but nobody and nothing is invincible, and one personal catastrophe can tip a person into extreme financial hardship before you can draw breath.
Oops, I've done the word salad again - please feel free to add the dressing of your choice.
TLDR: it's extremely complicated these days, and there appears to be no easy solution on both collective and personal levels.