I think it's time I addressed the secrecy aspect of Freemasonry, which a lot of people seem to be concerned about.
Freemasonry is a society with secrets. I don't think that should be downplayed or apologised for. It adds a bit of mystique to our organisation, which makes it a little more interesting. This aspect is what fascinated me and attracted me to Freemasonry initially.
Having stated the above, not everything about Freemasonry is or needs to be secret and I think most of us now accept that, in the past, Freemasonry has taken secrecy too far, to the point where we wouldn't even discuss our fraternity at all or even admit to being members. Much of this had its roots in World War II. It has already been mentioned on this thread that the Nazis rigorously suppressed Freemasonry in Germany and, in the event of a German invasion, the same could have happened here. This principle of secrecy persisted and became a tradition. The result was that it fuelled accusations and conspiracy theories, which, because we never spoke out, then went unchallenged. This is something we are now trying to address by being more open about who we are and what our aims are. These are not secret.
The parts of Freemasonry we are supposed to keep completely secret are what are known as the modes of recognition. These are signs, grips (what people sometimes call handshakes but are not really) and certain passwords, associated with the various degrees. These hark back to the medieval stonemason guilds, which are most probably what our symbolic form of Masonry came out of. These guilds of actual stonemasons met and taught moral lessons based on the tools of their trade, very much like we do today. These stonemasons had various signs, grips and passwords which they used to demonstrate that they had a particular level of skill. The alternative would have been to actually build something, which would have taken a lot of time.
We use similar signs, grips and passwords today and promise to keep them secret. This is meant as a test of integrity. If someone can't keep such things confidential, how could they be trusted with other confidences, which would be much more important? They are also how, traditionally, Freemasons identify themselves as members. Occasionally, when visiting a lodge where I was not known, I was taken to a private room where I was asked to demonstrate my membership by showing the signs, grips and speaking the passwords. None of the modes of recognition have any relevance outside of Freemasonry.
We also don't like to go into too much detail about the content of our ceremonies. It is not because they are secret, strictly speaking but more that we don't wish to spoil anything for future candidates. Before I was initiated, I remember being advised not to look anything up beforehand because it's more enjoyable if everything is a surprise. I followed this advice and I am glad I did. It would have have ruined it for me if I had known what was going to happen.
So, that's the extent of the secrecy in Freemasonry. It is an important and very positive part of our fraternity and something we can be proud of, not ashamed.