"I'm curious to know if there would have been stages when 'English' or its precursors would have linguistically been a pidgin and then creole? "
I don't know about a book recommendation, but yes there would have been a stage where English was something like that - back after 1066.
When the Normans came over they spoke and wrote in French and Latin. Totally different from what English was back then.
What is now called "Old English" which is what was spoken prior to 1066 gradually changed into what is called "Middle English" by the locals picking up some of the French words and incorporating them into their language.
So, yes, there was a period of about 300 years after the Normans arrived when English was a developing pidgin or creole sort of language.
English only became the "official" language of England in 1362 when the law courts had to start hearing pleas in English only.
So, if you think about all those stories of kings like Richard the Lionheart, well they all spoke in French, not English. It probably wasn't until Henry IV (the guy who won the battle of Agincourt) that kings likely started speaking English.