What gets me is I had a 'maternal choice' CS. My notes had Maternal Health written all over them. I had deliberately sought out a hospital with staff who had experience and understanding of birth fear and took it seriously. The person who wrote all over my notes in caps is regarded as one of the leading experts on the subject in the UK.
And yet.
My cs could not be recorded as being for mental health reasons. It had to be recorded as maternal choice because there was no NHS tick box to reflect mental health.
It's interesting in terms of birth fear and presentation too.
Tokophobia is either primary or secondary. There are similarities but also differences.
Primary Tokophobia is women who have never had a child. They tend to be older, often have a history of infertility issues, sexual abuse or trauma is over represented and they generally have higher rates of anxiety. These feelings have often developed from early childhood and have persisted. They are often highly educated and very capable of making informed decisions (educated women have better health outcomes in every other area of medicine - in maternity this isn't deemed relevant though) If they are reassured they can have a CS early on, it removes huge amounts of anxiety from women. These women tend to go on to have an ELCS. Counselling only was useful to a small number of women.
Interestingly, rates of intervention and poor physical and mental outcomes amongst women with the highest rates of anxiety prior to birth are much worse than those who have normal levels of fear. If we understand that birthing is a natural process - we also can understand that anxiety can disrupt that natural process and that some women with especially high levels levels of anxiety and other risk factors may be better off just having an ELCS as that's less risky than an instrumental intervention or an EMCS. This is where individualised risk profiles are relevant. Equally this actually supports arguments for 'woo woo births' and home births rather than being contrary and at odds with it.
Secondary Tokophobia is women who have developed birth fear following a traumatic birth. This ranges from a physically traumatic birth to an emotionally traumatic birth where a woman feels she has not been listened to. The Birth Trauma Association are particularly concerned about the rise in cases - this has been dismissed by a lot of people as women becoming less resilient and more demanding - but this is again a series of maternity scandals that have taken years to be taken seriously and increasingly shocking poor rates of staffing.
It's hard to not draw a link between the two.
More interestingly if these women are given approval of a CS early in pregnancy they relax. With support and extra attention from midwives it's been found that a large percentage of this group of women tend to change their minds and have a VB with a robust birth plan which has clear points about when intervention is to happen (as in earlier pain relief / intervention rather than the woman being left to it). And often their experiences with this extra level of support are much more positive.
So more time with a midwife really seems to be a key factor her. And part of that listening process is not to ban or limit access to a CS. It doesn't necessarily led to a CS.
Hospitals which have sought to restrict access to an ELCS effectively were found by NICE to be part of the problem because it broke trust and were felt to dehumanise women. NICE recognised the importance of building a relationship with HCP. If women felt listened to and granted an ELCS it improved their relationship and trust levels so much that they felt able to have another go at a VB. Some have described this as massively healing. Counselling and going through previous birth exp
So yeah huge amounts of this is about respect for women and their lived experience, clinical research, mental health and yes poor staffing levels.