I'd suspect this sarcasm and jokes is a pattern he learned in his family growing up. I mean, have you seen the series 'Succession'? 😬
He can be as 'jovial' as he likes, but notice when those jokes are aimed at unsettling you.
People do these things as a way to control their own feelings not yours.
When it happens again, don't refer to the content of what he said.
Instead, refer to the context of him asking.
For example:
He says 'ah ha, I bet you've probably forgotten to pay your car insurance!'
You'd normally say 'oh gosh I better check that, I'm sure I did!'
Instead now you calmly refer to the context "Hmm, I notice you are suggesting to me that I've forgotten to do something important. Why do you think you are bringing that up now?'
Just as he learned in his family to feel better about himself by teasing others, you possibly might have learned to pacify other people's feelings by keeping them 'happy' by matching their feelings.
That is, he's 'joking' so you have 'take the joke' and laugh it off as well. Because you don't want to change his mood because that'd be worse for you. Again that's something we learn as kids (especially women in relation to men's 'moods').