"I greatly respect the role of sahm! It's very valuable.
It's about the woman being made vulnerable by the set up though. True value would be a written contract with a husband outlining financial retribution for the sahm perhaps, legally binding."
Restitution, I think you mean. In our culture prior to divorce, I think marriage was meant to be that anyway, but with a significant disadvantage to the woman: yes, they would stay together but if he was abusive or cheated or gambled away the family money, she had no recourse. It was just understood that if he abused her, it was probably her fault for not obeying properly, etc. Any bad outcome was somehow her fault.
And, it also meant women never retired, because how do you retire from cleaning up after him, cooking everything for him, doing whatever he wants, and caregiving for whomever. When you're a young woman, you're caregiving for your own children; when you get older, you're caregiving for your father-in-law. Then for Uncle Richard. Then for Cousin Martha. Then for your own husband. Eventually you get old (if you're not worn to death in middle-age from all that caregiving) and maybe your daughter or daughter-in-law will be caregiver for you. Your son, however, would go on to have his own family and a job and a woman to look after him while he controlled the family money.
Research has shown that all the caregiving that women do, actually takes years of healthy life off of our lifespans (we may have the same or slightly more total longevity as men, but more years of disabled life than them, so I believe the end result is they get more healthy years than us, if I recall correctly).
So divorce and the shift of women into the workforce has insulated women financially as a group, but it's also taken away some of the protection if someone does need to be home looking after children, which is always a possibility depending on the situation of the children. Some children are more disabled and benefit more from a parent caregiver, for example.
So yes, I think contracts are the way to fix that. But they would have to be prenuptial, that's the thing, once you're married and have kids, what's your leverage to get a man to make a contract saying he'll compensate you fairly for the sacrifices you make for the kids and his career?