@Florenz You’re right that they need people to improve the system, but it’s “survival first, revolution second”. It’s hard to change the system from the inside if you’ve been imprisoned, persecuted, or killed. And it’s quite common for asylum seekers to not want to stay in their host country long term. Some have no choice, but many want to return as soon as it’s safe.
People have already returned to Syria and Afghanistan for eg, despite the danger of civil wars and crushing poverty. Bosnian refugees returned home when they were still being targeted, beaten and executed. The pull of “home” is really strong.
Also we know that not “all” men leave. Men are staying and fighting where they can. Iran and the current protests for women’s rights is a bit of an unusual exception - women seem to be staying and fighting, so what’s different? This article sums it up pretty well, especially this final part:
“Finally, campaigns with women participating prominently are more resilient in the face of repression, in part because inclusive protests are more likely to remain nonviolent. State violence against female protesters can backfire; attacking women and children is often seen as illegitimate and a sign of government weakness. This was poignantly seen in Iran’s 2009 protests, when Neda Agha-Soltan, a 26-year-old woman, was shot and killed, becoming a martyr for the movement. During the current unrest, reports suggest that the Iranian regime has arrested over 8,000 people, including hundreds of children, and killed more than 200 protesters. When young and old, women and children are treated this way, it poses a serious risk to the perceived legitimacy of the security forces’ use of force.”
www.foreignaffairs.com/iran/irans-women-frontlines
As we’ve already seen on this thread, men are “fair game” in some people’s eyes. Men protesting are a “threat” and can be killed. Women and children can’t, unless you want to destroy your government’s image.