What you are calling 'gentle parenting' is authoritative parenting. Authoritative isn't really that wide an umbrella. Gentle parenting is part of what is termed Positive Parenting. There are differences between authoritative parenting and 'gentle parenting'/ Positive Parenting that are important. The centering of the child's emotions is key in gentle/positive parenting.
I posted a New Yorker magazine article upthread which is a very well thought out critique of gentle parenting. There are huge tensions inherent in the approach, huge risks, and consequences for children (and pets) who share space and resources with positively/gently parented children that are not always pretty.
People here who are dismissing parenting styles that they call 'permissive' are saying that there is some pure form of gentle/ positive parenting that the true disciples have taken on board and understand and practice flawlessly, and the rest are bogus. But the truth is that there are as many 'gentle parenting' methods as there are parents. Nevertheless, there are clear strands to it, and they are problematic.
The key tenets of Gentle / Positive parenting are -
Respect, understanding, empathy, and boundaries, meeting the child where he is. All nice and woolly and aspirational so far....
It emphasises natural consequences - an easy get out of jail card for parents who for whatever reason do not want to confront a child who is misbehaving, and absolutely absurd when a child is being aggressive, because there is no natural consequence for aggression or adversarial conduct that will make an impression on a child who tends to be antagonistic.
All of the literature and articles I have read on 'gentle parenting' conflate gentle parenting with authoritative, then veer away to provide woolly instructions that are actually appeals to the parent's feelings about himself or herself, and provide convenient straw men to demolish. Examples of straw men - children's behaviour that might elicit punishment in some other parenting style include - child crying because he doesn't want to go to school, child fussing about getting dressed, child spilling a drink.
There's no reference to a child willfully lamping his sister, calling his siblings rude names despite being asked by them to stop, coming up with multiple justifications for biting a sibling, or being deliberately destructive in the home.
The guru being trotted out here is not a neuroscientist or a psychologist. One of my DDs has an honours degree in psychology from a university with a far better reputation that Ockwell-Smith's alma mater (which is the former Woolwich Polytechnic). She's a mother of four who used to work as a homeopath. This should give you an idea of the shallowness of her commitment to science.
Any claims she makes about producing healthy, well balanced adults are spurious. Nobody knows how the centering of the child's emotions, which is what her views boil down to, will turn out.
She appeals to parents who want to think well of themselves, parents who are sure they are going to do a better job than their own parents did, parents who like to think of themselves as cutting edge.
Here's some food for thought (though Gentle/ Positive parenting is shaping up as something of a cult so maybe I'm being over optimistic)
www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20200703-the-challenges-of-positive-parenting
One possible risk of this parenting approach is that children won’t learn how to interpret and react to negative emotions if parents don’t let them see any. “Because sometimes we’re upset, it’s important for kids to see their parents express their own concerns,” says Coifman. “Openly talking about that fear and their anxiety – that validates the kids’ experience.”
This is, of course, more difficult when children are small, but “as children get older there is a place for them to understand that if they don’t listen, they are in fact inducing irritation in you. And that’s a normative experience. You need to know that if someone is asking you to do something and if you don’t do it consistently, there are potentially negative consequences.”
I see a lot of parents who have done gentle parenting from the earliest years - the empathy, the respect, the understanding, patience, and attempts to meet the child where he is, attending to emotions, biting their tongues, counting to ten, and screaming into pillows - and find themselves dealing with petty tyrants at age 7/8 or so, resulting in a change of approach where distinctly undemocratic consequences are dished out in a top down way because the 'gentle' approach has created a child whose only motivation is the satisfaction he gets from behaving in a way that he is happy with.