I think the problem is there are no direct comparisons.
I have two sets of friends where both worked full time with two small children. One couple had a nursery literally on the street adjoining theirs. Both lived and worked very centrally, so were maybe a 30 minute walk from work. They had 'big', ie well paid, but flexible jobs - one often had to do calls with the states, so it meant he could pick up fairly early and then go back on calls after bedtime.
The others had long commutes. They were all up at 5.45 to leave the house at 7.15 to be at their desks by 8.30 so they could leave in time to do pick up. Both juggled international travel around this, and needed to be present in work a lot. Kids were tired, and once they started primary it was two stops to breakfast club and childminder etc etc. The mum in particular said she found their set up was hard on the kids.
The first couple made it look v easy, and directly influenced our decision to buy a smaller more centrally located house and get childcare close to our house. Covid was great in that we had time with both of us at home and no childcare which gave kind of a comparison to us- absolutely hellish in some ways, but when my 18 month old went back to childcare I could honestly see it benefited her in lots of ways. We can work it so she's dropped at 9 and picked up at 5, I've said this before on here but kids nap in the day, and sleep early so actually how much time you're with them morning and evening and how much time they're actually awake in creche should factor in. I don't think working full time with child dropped off at 6.30 almost directly from bed then picked up at 6.30 to be home for bath and bedtime is comparible to shorter hours.
For us, full time work is the best thing, for us and our child, but we have a lot of flexibility esp with WFH now. Re: your partner, mine used to be a much much higher earner than me then retrained. I understand the difficulty in suggesting he go part time. But honestly, having us both as 'equal' parents, making sacrifices to ensure he's involved (he did unpaid parental leave at the end of my mat leave) is a genuine sacrifice we have both benefited from. Its not just about what makes most sense financially: its about what is most effective to prioritise your children having equal relationships with both parents. We were discussing this recently: one friend has given up work due to ill health and it has absolutely shifted the dynamic of their parenting relationship. I would say the most engaged and involved dads I know are in relationships where both parents work and the dads have had to step up. So its something to consider as well: if you stepping back from work means him stepping up in work and being less present, I'd be reluctant.
Also: different children need different things. I have a child who settled in like a dream, loves her friends, loves being home and is generally thriving. When she has been off for self-isolation etc, she genuinely starts pining for them and getting bored. One of her best buddies though really struggled with settling in, and clearly prefers being home, and if I had one like that and all the choice in the world I probably would go part time. So its hard to see into the future.