@Notfeelinggreattoday, you're conflating two different systems: benefits based on need, which everyone is entitled to if they need them, and payable for as long as their need exists, and contribution-based benefits which are based on NI contributions and are for a fixed period. You're not comparing like with like.
If your circumstances were the same as your friend's son, you'd be entitled to UC as a jobseeker, too. And you'd get more, because you're over 21, and you'd get it for as long as you need it. Same as he does. If he was living with a partner who was working, they wouldn't qualify, except for possibly a bit of help towards their rent if the partner's income was low.
The system is flawed, I agree, the upper limits for help are too low and the amounts paid are too low, but these are political decisions. This is what people voted for.
I've been a benefits adviser for almost 14 years and almost every change since 2010 has made things worse overall. Some people are actually better off under UC than they would have been under legacy benefits, notably people working but on low incomes and who don't pay rent, because they get to keep more of what they earn.
I'm hoping that one of the positives that might come out of all this shit is that people who've previously been benefit-bashers actually realise how shit the benefit system is and start voting for a party that will improve things.