The school I work in has an isolation room, but there are upto 6 pupils in there at once and always a member of staff within feet of the pupils. To be put into isolation a pupil would have to have
1)Ignored a class warning about behaviour
2) Disrupted a lesson and recieved a warning.
3) Disrupted the lesson and recieved a 2nd warning,
4) Disrupted the lesson and recieved a 3rd warning.
At this point a child would be moved or spoken to aside to try and prevent them reaching any further in the behaviour system.... they would then have to
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Disrupt the lesson a 4th time which results in being moved to a 6th form lesson for the rest of the lesson and an after school detention (30 minutes) next day.
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Disrupt the detention, at which point they are given a longer (1hr detention) the next day.
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Disrupt the 1 hour detention - at which point they would be given a half day isolation the following day.
So to get into isolation for half a day a child needs to have failed to modify their behavior seven times with clear warnings and support in between.
For SEN children, or those with other difficulties a lot of support is given during isolation, for example, staff they trust will take them out for a chat every hour or so to praise their behavior so far, make sure they are feeling positive about completing the whole 3 hour session and that they are confident they can complete the work set for them. Usually a member of the senior leadership or a learning manager will talk to them about what went wrong which led to the isolation and what strategies can be put in place to stop it happening again.
The system seems a bit complicated at first but because we never, ever deviate from it and everyone knows exactly what to expect.