What I learnt after having my DCs is that basically it's all on you. It's not all bad though - before DC, I was quite a quiet person but motherhood has really toughened me up and I have no issue nowadays telling people to fuck off if I have to.
I know you asked about different cultures and approaches, OP, but I'd say my experiences are pretty typical of British culture in relation to how new mothers are treated. I was left alone for most of my DC1's birth, vomiting and in agony with no pain relief, because I'd had the temerity to go into labour during the middle of the night when they were short on staff. It took them an hour to stitch me up afterwards because I was shaking uncontrollably due to the shock and the doctor doing it asked me grumpily to keep still. I couldn't get up during the night (severe blood loss, drip and catheter) and, when I couldn't wake my husband up to pass me the baby (happily snoring in a chair), I resorted to throwing a bag of haribo at his head. He was cross but it did the trick. I think I was served one meal in two days.
I was better prepared for baby no 2 and arrived at hospital with 6 partially frozen bottles of water, a tonne of haribo, some cereal bars, a thermal blanket and some thermal bed socks. I carried most of this into hospital myself because DH disappeared off for half an hour to clarify the parking restrictions and my contractions were already quite close together so I didn't want to wait for the arse. Despite high blood pressure issues and severe blood loss again, I was discharged the next morning due to a shortage of beds and was back to making my DC's packed lunch for nursery the next day, which he was glad about because apparently DH had fucked it up the day before. My mother, who had been minding DC1 while we were at the hospital overnight, left that afternoon to go back to work (she lives 4 hours away from us).
I didn't bother going to my 6 week postnatal check at the GPs for DC2. It was a bloody waste of time the first time around - completely perfunctory and no one gave a toss how I was feeling. I'd just got warm and comfortable on the sofa with the baby sleeping and a box of chocolates and there's no way I was moving for what passes for "care" for new mothers.