It started in 1909 as Loughborough Technical Institute, shortly thereafter being renamed Loughborough College. After the 2nd World War it was divided into four colleges - Loughborough Training College (teacher training), Loughborough College of Art (art and design), Loughborough College of Further Education (technical and vocational) and Loughborough College of Technology (technology and science). In 1958 it gained the title of College of Advanced Technology.
In 1966 it received a charter as a university. So while never called a polytechnic, it was a technical institute.
As to languages, I would be interested to know what CEFR level students attained in languages on the Modern European Studies degree at Loughborough (which no longer exists). For comparison, a graduate with a BA in MFL should have attained a level C1 at least.