Lack of resources is a huge issue. Dont get me wrong.
Aside from that, I think there is an issue with how student nurses, midwives and junior doctors are trained. They are very good at passing exams (thanks to extensive tutoring from year 4 in passing assessments). They arent as good at applying information to real time patients.
They very quickly start taking short cuts. Maybe because they are overworked. I think perhaps they try and learn the instincts a senior midwife has developed over 40 plus years.
For instance, at my former unit, over 20 years, the number of unplanned births outside the Unit (BBAs) had risen substantially. A quick audit of recent BBAs showed that nearly 3/4 had called or presented to the unit for assessment and been told to not come in yet/go home. I remember seeing more than one set of recent notes where the midwife had recorded information that would point towards a rapidly progressing labour, but theyd sent them home because they werent 4cm and having "strong, regular" contractions.
And you know the labour admission "rules" do say that people should meet that criteria before being admitted. Why? Because otherwise someone who is about to give birth or who needs very close monitoring may not have a room.
But labour is so hard to predict. Progress is not always linear. And you will have to justify why you said someone can have a labour room at 2cm dilated. If they dont progress, you may have to move them out of the room and onto a ward.
What else? Fear of escalating to doctors. Some are arseholes and have a go at midwives if they think it is unnecessary. Also, as a midwife, sometimes you want back obstetric back up and suggestions but you dont want to just move to a section or forceps because it isnt necessary. There are some doctors that create a dynamic where you know that the minute you get them involved, they will just "get baby out". And im stressing this part: even when it is not necessary.
There have definitely been times where physical and mental trauma has occurred just because a doctor is an arsehole at work.
Some young doctors are intimidated by an assertive, experienced nursing/midwifery team. Particularly new registrars. They will go as far as to ignore them pointing out something pertinent just so as not to admit defeat. One of my favourite paediatricians tells all doctors and students that midwives see the most babies and thousands of healthy babies so their instinct is worth more than his consultancy. And it is true. You only have to say "this baby needs to be in the NNU or needs antibiotics" and he will be on it immediately.
Lastly, and I tell all midwives this: documentation. Sometimes bad things happen despite all seeming well. We can only know that in hindsight if you document it. Many HCPs do not document efficiently. Not understanding the technology is a problem here. The other thing is that a lot of informal consultations between staff about patients happens during a shift. You might tell a doctor that something is amiss and they say it is ok. Later, that thing is related to a tragedy. You didnt document that Dr Shitt said it was ok and nobody is backing you up now so it looks like you dropped the ball.
Remember this in relation to the fact that doctors are male, and most midwives and nurses are female.