I do with my 5yo. My work is extremely flexible (this goes in both directions though) and task based rather than time. Either the content is ready or it's not. Except for my busiest time of year (run up to xmas), I usually play with ds after school. We do stop by the park after school every day, it's right outside, lots of his friends go. Maybe answer the odd email on my phone. When I do have to work, I organise my schedule so it's stuff that I can talk through and is easily interrupted, low concentration.
I'm sure my boss would take issue if it became a problem with deadlines.
People advocating for after school clubs - this wouldn't work for us. Ds is extremely sensitive (but NT) and wouldn't cope. He's also sick a huge amount of the time so is off a lot anyway (awaiting tonsillectomy). But he's very happy doing puzzles, homework, and playing independently (in the same room as me) now too, as he knows I'm there to chat, feed, water, cuddle, etc if he wants.
Dd (2yo) does go to full time nursery, collected at 5. She's made of much healthier stuff, and I'd have no chance of emails or after school work with her here. Not least because she's obsessed with breastfeeding.