Here is how Pew polls:
How are people selected for your polls?
Most of our U.S. surveys are conducted on the American Trends Panel (ATP), the Center’s national survey panel of about 10,000 randomly selected U.S. adults. ATP participants are recruited offline using random sampling from the U.S. Postal Service’s residential address file. Respondents complete the surveys online using smartphones, tablets or desktop devices or over the phone with an interviewer.
How can a small sample of 1,000 (or even 10,000) accurately represent the views of 250,000,000+ Americans?
Two main statistical techniques are used to ensure that our surveys are representative of the populations they’re drawn from: random sampling and weighting. Random sampling ensures that each person has a chance of selection to participate in a survey and that the people selected into a sample are a good mix of various demographics, such as age, race, income and education, just like in the general population. However, sample compositions can differ. For example, one sample drawn from a nationally representative list of residential addresses may have a higher percentage of rural dwellers compared with another sample drawn from the exact same list. To ensure that samples drawn ultimately resemble the population they are meant to represent, we use weighting techniques in addition to random sampling. These weighting techniques adjust for differences between respondents’ demographics in the sample and what we know them to be at population level, based on information obtained through institutions such as the U.S. Census Bureau. For more on this topic, check out our Methods 101 video on random sampling.
Do your surveys include people who are offline?
Yes. For the online ATP panel to be truly nationally representative, the share of those who do not use the internet nationally must be represented on the panel. In the past, we did this by providing identified non-internet users with internet-enabled tablets to take their surveys. Now, those who don’t have internet access can take their surveys over the phone with a live interviewer. These individuals are representative of our non-internet population in the Center’s analyses.
https://www.pewresearch.org/u-s-surveys/frequently-asked-questions/#how-are-people-selected-for-your-polls
Per the poll itself, here is how they conducted their most recent poll on trans women in women's sport
Pew Research Center conducted this analysis to explore how Americans view certain laws and policies related to transgender issues and how these opinions have changed in recent years.
For this analysis, we surveyed 5,097 adults from Feb. 10 to 17, 2025. Everyone who took part is a member of the Center’s American Trends Panel (ATP), a group of people recruited through national, random sampling of residential addresses who have agreed to take surveys regularly. The survey was conducted either online or by telephone with a live interviewer. The survey is weighted to be representative of the U.S. adult population by gender, race, ethnicity, partisan affiliation, education and other factors.
Here are the questions used for this analysis, the topline and the survey methodology.
https://www.pewresearch.org/short-reads/2025/02/26/americans-have-grown-more-supportive-of-restrictions-for-trans-people-in-recent-years/
This Pew poll, conducted in Feb 2025, found that majorities of U.S. adults favor or strongly favor laws and policies that:
- Require trans athletes to compete on teams that match their sex assigned at birth (66%)
- Ban health care professionals from providing care related to gender transitions for minors (56%)
At the same time, 56% of adults express support for policies aimed at protecting trans people from discrimination in jobs, housing and public spaces.
This information is provided in most reputable polls. You probably have to click some links to get the information.
edit typo
add: The other things to check is trends and consistency between polls done by various orgs. The trend in the US in the last few years is less overall support for many trans issues like trans women in women's sports or transition for minors. If you look on my post on the previous page, you can see that several recent polls have found that most American adults oppose trans women in women's sports. I did link the wrong Gallup poll. The one I linked was from 2023 but still found a majority opposed trans women in women's sport. The one from 2025 is here. https://news.gallup.com/poll/691454/two-thirds-prefer-birth-sex-ids-athletics.aspx
Support for trans women in women's sports has slightly decreased since 2023.