If you actually read the article, there is no requirement for people to be asked to choose out of all 24 options, these are options someone who has indicated a trans identity might write in a free text box, which staticians would then need to record.
But hey why let the truth get in the way of a good frothy headline from the right wing press.
PLEASE don't minimise the damage done by privileging certain gender identities over others by elevating them and highlighting them as "exemplary"!! Even if one COULD write one's unacknowledged minority gender identity in a text box, can you imagine how lonely and isolating it would feel to be othered in such a way? You would hardly even know that you existed at all.
It might be a challenge to cover every possible situation both in the guidance and on the form and to include emerging gender identities proactively before they are discovered through the process, but if Scotland of all places doesn't stand up for the tiniest and most overlooked minorities, who will?