I think we can only really look at longer term studies.
Gender issues is right now the trendy norm in the young teens / angsty teens trying to find their identity age group. In the past it was emo or goth or mental health or same-sex exploration. It changes.
Feeling or being suicidal has now also become a normalized feeling in the adolescent population. With all the mental health awareness campaigns, it is a very common voiced feeling at this point. I asked a group of older teens what % of teens they think experience suicidal ideation and they all looked at me with a strange look and said, doesn't everyone? When I said no, they guessed 90-95% and many told me they don't know any friends who haven't been suicidal. Most of these teens are not making attempts but they talk about suicidal thoughts far more openly now than they did 10 years ago and far more casually.
It does seem that like with most of these trends (emo, goth, etc) that the more vulnerable someone is, the more likely they are to be drawn to these less mainstream communities where they get acceptance and inclusion for being different and with it pressure to conform within that community.
Transition also means many different things - social transition (names and gender expression) or hormones or surgical changes or what is the transition. That is also going ot impact on study results.
Many of the studies (that find both lower and higher risk) have major limitations in smple size or how representative the sample is, or what they actually defined as transition, or what they are measusing related to suicide (ideation vs attempts, deaths) and where they found the sample (convenience) and how aligned the method is with other studies etc. Definitions and terminology are also used quite differently across studies. For example self report of suicide attempts can be very misleading in what people personally define as an attempt and may include parasuicidal gestures and non suicidal self injury or depending on how the question is worded.
Here are a couple long term studies out of Amsterdam
https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111/acps.13164
https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2213858721001856
Here is a couple systematic reviews
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/09540261.2022.2093629
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/09540261.2022.2053070?src=recsys