@Rightsraptor
That comment at the end of The Times' article from the lawyers Stone King (not Stone Wall, then?) implies that schools using the exceptions under the EQA 2010 to keep their school single sex could be in breach of the law. IANAL but would like to know how they work that out. A boy under 18, so no GRC, has his legal sex as recorded at birth but Stone King think he'd have a legal case against a girls' school.
IANAL either but my impression is that the law in this area is a mess. Sex and gender used interchangeably, and the GRA 2004 was not as well scrutinised as it should have been (Hansard shows this - some MPs and Lords did try to raise concerns but were largely pooh poohed and ignored).
Nobody can have a GRC until they're at least 18, but the Equality Act says gender reassignment is a protected characteristic, this seems to apply to under 18s, and there is no requirement to have a GRC or be eligible for one to have the PC of gender reassignment.
There is a tension in the Equality Act between the single sex exemptions and the protected characteristic of gender reassignment, which I don't believe has been properly resolved either in statute or case law. The Equality Act was a portmanteau act replacing a lot of other laws on equalities issues and merging them all into one piece of legislation. They didn't tie up all the loose ends and left the GRA in place separately.
From what I've read the GRA was introduced in a hurry to solve a problem the UK government had after a UK citizen went to the European Court of Human Rights to complain about being unable to get married. The person in question was female by birth but identified as a man. Living with a woman, both keen to marry, no same-sex marriage possible in the UK at the time. Registrar would have checked birth certificates and said no, you are both female. Complainant said everyone has a right to a family life, including marriage, and the court said yes, UK government must enable this.
Obvious solution was for the government (Labour, Blair PM, huge majority) to introduce same-sex marriage, but they bottled out of that one. Decided to go instead for a measure which their expert advisers said would only affect a tiny group of transsexuals - estimated 5000 people max across the whole of the UK. GRA aimed at those who have professionally diagnosed gender dysphoria and 'live as' the opposite to their birth sex. No requirement to have hormone therapy or surgery of any kind to change appearance, given that not everybody can have it, I suppose. They can apply for a gender recognition certificate to present to the Registrar who then has to issue a new birth certificate applying the 'legal fiction' that the holder is the opposite to their birth sex, as shown on the original birth certificate.
I can only assume that when the EA was passed in 2010 Parliament was still working on the assumption that the numbers of people who could claim the PC of gender reassignment would be absolutely tiny so it didn't warrant a lot of thought.
And here we are, with schools having to navigate this minefield.