To pick up on the housing issue, different areas have very different circumstances, and unfortunately, so much of the debate is set with reference to London and the South East.
Within the parameters of my borough council, we have over 1000 empty social housing homes. Why? Because no one wants to live in them.
And this is the issue with social housing. You have to build it near amenities, near public transport, near transport networks, near shops and leisure facilities; otherwise, it fails. But land near all those features is expensive, and those homes also require land enough for viability (modern units need to be built with drives and car parking), so there's no land savings you can make on individual unit cost.
But even if you do build on such land in many areas of Britain, you essentially start overloading existing infrastructures -- which is the problem we now face in our area.
The answer is, pretty much, new towns. But the cost of establishing a new town is extortionate, and you have to attract employers with deals on tax and investment ... otherwise, there's no jobs. In short, you start talking about seriously big money.
So you might say, well, the solution is to encourage the retired to move out of their homes to smaller units, but that supposes there are viable smaller units for the retired to move to. And this is, again, an issue.
In my area, if you are elderly and infirm, you have three options: you can stay put and buy in care, you can put your name down to rent a low to medium assistance flat but the waiting list is about seven years, or you can try for a care home.
Very few elderly people actually need the kind of 24/7 care of a care home. And it's very expensive, and prone to crisis (all you need is a couple of workers to be sick, and a couple of people to be engaged in an emergency, and all of a sudden, you've gone below ratio if another incident occurs).
So the solution is to build low to medium assistance complexes of apartments with a 24 hour porter and nurse, but trying to get this model accepted is very difficult because it is a fairly new type of concept. The few authorities that have accepted it have no social care crisis I think York is one.