All the best bosses I've ever had were women and throughout my life I've enjoyed my (real and created) sisters and my wider female relatives.
Thing is, I learned this from my mother and my family. I learned that being with women was a place of comfort and safety and bawdy jokes and tears and practical advice about living in a female body.
So your daughter will learn what you teach her about female friendships. If you dislike and distrust other women, she will too. You are her example for being part of the sisterhood.
In my experience, women compete against each other in an unhealthy way (competition itself isn't unhealthy), when the only reward is male approval. When it's all about fitting into some model of hyper-femininity, being pretty enough, thin enough, well-groomed enough in order to attract the male gaze, then female relationships can become toxic.
Of course it's important to build your daughter's self-esteem, but self-esteem based in authentic achievement. An activity which depends on skills other than how she looks. Preferably an activity which requires her to get sweaty and dirty and break a nail, something she is good at and enjoys.
And, although this seems harsh, you need to examine your own approach. Are you really critical of other women? How they look? What they wear? How they behave?
Can you start noticing those comments and transform them into something kind? Instead of thinking, "I wouldn't be seen dead in that dress", think "she has nice posture", or whatever. Try looking at other women in a compassionate way, notice nice things about them.
If you live in a milieu where women compete against each other in an unpleasant way, disengage. if that kind of competition makes you unhappy, stop doing it.
We are all self-conscious and insecure and anxious. We're also good at pretending we're not - so when someone reaches out to us with empathy it is very powerful.
Look around at the women you know - pick one who has some characteristic you like; she tells good jokes, is kind to dogs, whatever. Tell her that, "I really admire your way with dogs Evelyn, where did you learn about them?" Pick attributes which are not about appearance, but real things about that one woman. And listen to their response, really listen, care about what they're telling you.
People respond to kindness - if you practise kindness and empathy you'll get it back. You'll probably get some knock-backs, but that's ok, relationships mean taking a risk.
You need to show your daughter the joy of female friendships.
I am naturally solitary and I was a painfully shy teenager, until one day it occurred to me that without a bit of effort, I might go through life without friends. So I started with small steps and tried to be kind and pay attention - so the lessons above are ones I've learned. I'm not a social butterfly, but I do have a small group of good female friends and occasionally find myself making new friends even.
I think the pay-off might be that if you're kinder to other women, you'll be kinder to yourself.
You clearly love your daughter, so there's a female friend already. You just need to widen the circle a bit.
Also, what Pawn said.