[morebeta] - sorry, but your dress advice is as much about re-inforcing gender and professional stereotypes as it is anything else! I'm sure it is entirely well-meant. There is a generational shift in how different professions and the men and women in them dress and present themselves. Eg. most male medical colleagues of my generation wear shirt / tie / chino or suit trainers, but not all will wear a tie. Us lady docs tend to go for smart casual outside of environments like OP, where there is a specific set of clinical and practical reasons for wearing scrubs, flat shoes, no make-up, hair pulled back etc.
The idea that a female surgeon (of whatever seniority) should have to send out power signals through her hair / make-up / jewellery is a bit barmy, tbh 
. For one thing, once you're in scrubs facing a day in theatre it is rather impractical (yum, sweaty makeup sliding down face, attempting to get stiff hairsprayed hairdo under disposable paper hat, infection control huntng you down for jewellery etc). For another - why on earth should you, unless this is your own personal taste or style? I don't see how this fits with a feminist viewpoint. Even a female doc who chooses to wear 'less appropriate' clothing (short skirts, tight or low tops) - this is still her choice as a woman to choose the image she presents to the world, that makes her happy - even if that means a pink stethoscope? What you wear does not somehow cancel out the years of training and the expertise built up in any career. Or mean that you are invalidated as a woman because you dress frivilously. I've met / worked with plenty of female colleagues who dress like Barbie but their competence is obvious, as well as some who are frighteningly air-headed! And the same goes for female colleagues who dress conservatively.
I personally tend to tailor what I wear at work to the work situation - routine patient contact, smart casual to a softer look (I'm a psychiatrist, so a suit or harsh tailoring can be too intimidating for patients); if I'm going to court or into prison, I'll wear a suit. So I follow some conventions about dress, but I wear clothes to suit my taste and which are professional enough, not to some theoretical doctor dress code.
My experience is also one of people judging what they think I am based on age and gender, not on how I and others introduce me. I do think this is much more pronounced than for my male peers, and it is a common experience for female peers. My favourite was in a prison where I used to do clinics. The male consultant had worked there for years and the GP was also male. I would come in, in my suit, prisoners would be told by the nurses (in nursing or prison uniforms) that they would be seeing DrTulip and yet the poor male prisoners never could seem to get it straight that I was the doctor. However, rather than 'nurse' they would call me 'miss', leaving me feeling rather like a primary school teacher (quite appropriately most of the time!) 