I've never had an Ex-Raid pass yet, despite doing a few raids at the local park gym where everyone else gets them for.
How do you actually get one? Does it just appear in your bag or do you only get it when you spin a disc or visit a gym?
GreenShadow There are very specific parameters for getting ex-Raid passes. You generally have to raid a lot (Niantic recommend doing lots of raids in different places as well as known ex-raid spots to increase your chances).
The long and short of it is that you have to raid an ex-raid gym in a small time window (one to two weeks), but the time windows aren’t clear. You can get close by working out when Ex-Raid passes will drop, but you can never be certain.
A few raids here and there aren’t going to cut it; you’d have to be very lucky! You have to be a frequent raider.
If you’ve raided the chosen ex-raid gym in that certain window and X amount of people have too, when ex-raid passes are sent out (they are generally sent out across the world at the same time, there is a pattern you can work out) it will show up on screen and appear in your bag.
While ex-raid passes are easier to obtain now than previously, they are still hard and you have to put the work in raid wise.