Yes this is very abusive in many ways. Please use the blessing of him going away for 2 months as an opportunity to get help and support. You and your child absolutely need it and deserve it. Your child is being damaged by living in an abusive household. I suggest you keep yourself and your child safe by not discussing this with him, and don't give him any clues that you are talking to others and that you could leave. Please contact Women's Aid. His abuse of you has left you frightened (understandably so) and without good judgement about what is happening, and how very serious it is.
In the brief info you have shared there are many, many ways that you are being abused. You have described all these:
Verbal and emotional abuse:
-his swearing at you
-his putting you down
-constantly being negative toward you
-he is withholding communication (experts such as Patricia Evans in 'The Verbally Abusive Relationship' call this one of the most insidious and dangerous forms of verbal abuse)
-his gestures such as 'head-shaking' at you often
-his frequent angry outbursts
-he is moody (keeps you on eggshells)
-you are not allowed to express your feelings ('here we go again')
-he withholds his presence (stays on couch to annoy you)
-he makes you feel 'he hates me'
-withholds physical affection in order to make you beg, then only affectionate on his terms
-'nasty', - your word sounds just right
-not helping with household and child in a kind of deliberate way so he's on the couch in front of you while you do it, then calls house a 'shithole' when it's clearly not.
sexual abuse:
-coercing you into doing things you don't want to do
-rape
financial abuse:
-not paying his fair share
-not sticking to promises
-deliberately withholding things he knows that you need /want to run household eg dryer
-making you too frightened and needy to challenge unfairness
Then this last one also goes under emotional and verbal abuse, but I'm concerned it is also hinting he's not beyond physical abuse, and I'm concerned your situation is escalating:
-not only withholding care and sympathy when you're hurt, he kind of likes it.
You said that 'I don't know what's causing the distance' between you. It is very clear what is causing the distance between you: he is. He is doing this very deliberately to control you. Coercive control is a crime. Dropping breadcrumbs of occasional niceness is a part of the control. It keeps you begging for more.
None of this is your fault. And the only way to 'fix' it is to leave. You really need help and support to do this safely though. Please reach out to Women's Aid and any friends and family who will be discreet (not talk to him) and understanding of abuse.