What are these things on my neighbour’s house exterior?

[Longhotsummers]

They’re dotted along the bottom part of the house. Does anyone know what they are - I’m curious (nosey)!

They could be some type of damp proofing system.
The theory is that they let air into the wall cavity but I think it's been proved ineffective.

It's obvious - they've decorated their walls with loo rolls.

It could be something like these.

Thanks all! The damp proofing sounds most likely!