I'd guess exposure/ experience, culture and your personality?
Know plenty people who grew up with both and like both/ or who have both.
Culture- some don't see cats/ dogs in same light I'm pretty sure.
Experience- I was bitten twice by random dogs when young. Also laws were different. You saw strays about a bit. And some dogs were known to bite and no one really did anything. Eg neighbour dog bit postman, my dad, others. Also owner and got infected had a bit of leg cut out or something. Was a kid. Something bad for sure.
Personality-
Dogs seem to be more like little kid kids. Want attention, devoted to owner/s. Need to be taken for walks etc.
Cats more do their own thing. Lower effort by far. Affectionate in a different way.
So totally different really.
Incidentally- random thing I read!
Pet cats miaow at humans to say they want something. Otherwise they don't tend to miaow when grown up. They learn that it makes us notice them and that might get a bit of food etc.
Also recently they found out kittens that are with humans have the same reaction to their human. As kittens with mum do to the mum.
I think the kneading when we stroke them is a kitten thing as well. Something they do to encourage milk when feeding? Or something.
I'm coming to think that we shouldn't be separating animals in general from their babies as soon as we do often do.
The behaviour of some Egyptian geese on pond nearby has made me rethink a lot of stuff humans seem to have assumed for a long time.