miggsie kids know perfectly well when they are doing something wrong, especially when they have been warned before hand!
and as they grow older they have ideas about what is allowed and what's not. I always tell them that if it is a new thing and they are no sure, they should imagine whether I or DH would approve or not, that should be a good general guide for now.
but they definitely know what is wrong and what is not!
my older kids and friends (6 boys in total) did something really naughty at the weekend (it was funny, but it was very wrong) and when I found out the next day I asked my children one question :
" - Boys, while you were doing what you were doing did you
a, think nothing of it/thought it was ok
b, weren't sure if it was ok, but you decided it was ok
c, thought it was not ok, but you decided to do it anyway?"
I did not shout as I was actually quite shocked at what they did. (not going to tell, don't ask)
the answer: sheepish looks, embarrassed giggles, sighs and collective sorry mummy, followed by my oldest bursting into tears because he realized just how bad it was and as he's the oldest he also got everyone else into trouble
he was so sorry and clearly regretting his actions, so I decided that him feeling very bad about the situations was enough punishment, worse than anything I could have done.
he was sobbing as I cuddled him, at which point the others started saying sorry to him for encouraging him in the first place.
it was lovely and powerful and a real bonding moment, and they were massively relieved that they were forgiven. and I did not have to raise my voice once.
my DS2 even decided to not open his beloved MOTD magazine (arriving today) till Thursday, he thought that would be an appropriate punishment for himself.
I was astonished! he knew very well he did something wrong, and actually wanted to "suffer" for it, so that the guilt would be redeemed by it as forgiveness just wasn't enough.
it was his way of saying, fine , I'll make it right, I'll pay for it, because then I can move on.
so yes, kids know very well what is expected of them if the expectations and rules are explained and predictable