So far, having read a lot on this, I have come to the conclusion that the father may have done some not very nice stuff, and the mother has definitely done some not very nice stuff.
I have a lot of respect for the Australian judge who, against public opinion, made a decision based on the facts before him that the children would not be in any danger if returned to Italy, ensured as far as possible that the mother could return to Italy, and also sent out a strong message that child abduction is not to be tolerated, thus allowing many parents (mostly mothers, but some fathers too) to sleep better at night.
As I have no access to much of the so-called evidence of various aspects alleged by the mother, and having no reason to disbelieve the judge, tend to believe him, and thus agree with their return.
It's just a pity that the mother made it so traumatic for them
.
And she didn't have to stay in the marriage, by the way. She was living separately from him, he was financing where she was living and she had a job, while she and here ex-husband shared custody of the girls. She could have stayed in Italy - it was probably not as financially beneficial (as she would have less access to government benefits) but it was possible to stay.
She just didn't want to.