My husband and I both went to state comprehensive, then university where we both gained PhDs and have extremely well paid jobs.
We could afford to send our children to private but choose the state school because I personally am not convinced that it is worth the money from my personal experience. I think the main advantage that it gives you is connections, the Queen's English and a sense of entitlement
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Natural intelligence, self-motivation, creativity, curiosity, drive, common sense, tenacity and a propensity to work hard is something you either have or don't. If you only can work hard or strive for something because someone is always pushing you to achieve these things, then what happens when you have to rely on yourself?
I believe what matters is what happens in the home, particularly as that is where children spend most of their time (private schools have longs holidays!) My children learn their manners at home, we read to them all the time, we discuss all sorts of things with them, we go for walks in the woods and they can point out a cherry laurel or cedar cypress tree etc. We spend time with them. They also attend a number of extracurricular activities both at school and out of school. This is often quoted as the one of the benefits of private school. However, most state schools I know offer this as well.
One of the criticisms levelled against state primary schools is that they are SATS factory. Well where I live, private primary schools could be accused of being 11+ and Common Entrance exam factories.
Parents should do what is best for them and spend their money how they wish. We do and if small minded people think we should use our income to pay for private education, I will just tell them to mind their own business.