Nottingham for 2023 entry (note they may change every year) are scoring as per this:
www.nottingham.ac.uk/medicine/study-with-us/undergraduate/undergraduate-medicine/undergraduate-selection-process.aspx
His best eight GCSEs are scored - that would mean that he would receive 4 points for each of his 9s - ie 12 points, 3 points for each of his eights, so another 9 points, plus 2 points for one of his 7s - so a total of 23 out of a maximum of 32.
However, Nottingham much more heavily weights the UCAT - the cognitive sections are out of 60 (note they weigh different sections differently), and the situational judgement section is out of 60, so in total the score is out of 152 of which he is only 9 points down.
Much more critical is how he performs on the UCAT, and particularly on the situational judgement. There were be relatively few invited for interview, if any, who get less than Band 1 on the situational judgement.
So until he has sat the UCAT and knows what his score is, he really doesn't know if he is competitive for Nottingham.
BUT if he is set on medicine, the key point is to apply where one has the best choice of interview, even if it is not necessarily ones "dream" university. There is no point apply to one's dream university if one won't get an interview, so it is key to apply strategically. So with a high UCAT but not such strong GCSEs, it is worth considering those that only interview on UCAT, such as Bristol and Sheffield. With a lower UCAT you need to look at other alternatives. Many universities don't score the Situational Judgement at all, or only eliminate you if you have Band 4, so very different to Nottingham which gives you 60 points on Band 1.
Birmingham is known to highly favour contextual applicants, and it is very difficult to get an interview if you are not contextual (or at least it was the last few years). Maybe if he had a very high UCAT to balance out the GCSEs, but he has to bear in mind that he is competing with people with contextual points, so even though he would probably only drop two points for the one 7 (they score eight GCSE subjects, and he has the maximum points in seven, as they score 8s and 9s the same - and they have changed the requirements with respect to including English literature as one of their compulsory scores this year - when my DS applied, English literature was compuslorily scored, and he only got a seven in it, which is why we decided not to apply to Birmingham) - unless his UCAT is very high, if he is not contexual you would need to think hard about applying.
He has four options, so he should try and find four (or at least three, maybe one can be risky) where he stands a good chance of an interview.